iosr-JMCE   6th National Conference on "Recent Developments In Mechanical Engineering- 2017"

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Partial Foot Amputation, Finite Element Analysis of Foot and Manufacturing of Prosthtic Sockets: A Review
Country	:	India
Authors	:	W.N. Tamboli || V. N. Chougule || A.A.Pawale || A. V. Mulay
	:	10.9790/1684-17010040106

Abstract: The objective of this paper is to study partial foot amputation and its types, various loading conditions and finite element analysis of foot and prosthetic sockets used for lower limb loss persons. Partial foot amputation causes due to vascular insufficiency, trauma, frostbite, limb deficiency, diabetes and its complications. Finite element analysis becomes more feasible in biomechanical application due to its ability to give better results with complicated boundary and loading conditions. To give better gait cycle to partial foot amputation person carbon fiber foot plates or prosthetic sockets are used which are made up with traditional method or additive manufacturing method

Keywords –Partial foot amputation, static analysis, dynamic analysis, additive manufacturing, foot plate, prosthetic socket

[1]. Robert G, Atnip, MD,Toe and Partial foot amputation,Operative techniques in general surgery2005,67-73 [2]. Owings M, Kozak L, Ambulatory and inpatient procedures in the united states ,Vital Health statistics, series 13(169),1996,1-119
[3]. Ziegler- Graham K, Mackenzie E, Ephraim P, Travison T, Brookmeyer R.2008,Estimating the prevalence of limb loss in United states 2005-2020,Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation 89:422:429
[4]. Bowker ,Partial foot amputation and disarticulation: surgical aspect, Journal of prosthetic and orthotics, 2007 19:62:76.
[5]. Dillon M.P. "Biomechanics models for analysis of partial foot amputee gait" (PhD thesis) 2001 Brisbrone (Australia): Queensland University of technology. University of technology

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Experimental Investigation on Hydro-electric Steering system
Country	:	India
Authors	:	S. J. Chikhale || P. R. Magdum || A. S. Rojole || N. A. Bagwan || T. U.Keskar || A. P. Gadilkar || R. S.Apsunde
	:	10.9790/1684-17010040711

Abstract: Today in the conventional power steering systems, it is observed that there are many drawbacks, such as it reduces the engine power in case of hydraulic power steering system, reduces mileage which leads to increased demand of fuels. This increases the operating cost. There is a need to develop such a system which enhances the engine performance and gives better result as of the conventional steering system. In hydro electrical power steering the hydraulic energy is produced by an electrically driven pump rather than a belt driven pump as in traditional hydraulic power assisted steering systems.

Keywords–Hydro-electric steering.

[1] Gong youpinga, Bian xiangjuanb ,Chen guojina,Multi-Functional Loader Steering Hydraulic System model construction and simulation Based on Power Bond Graphs,Procedia Engineering 15 (2011) 358 – 364
[2] Dariusz Z. 2011. Modelling of EPS Type Steering Systems Including Freeplay and Friction in Steering Mechanism. Journal of KONES Powertrain and Transport, Vol 18.1. pp 689-696.

[3] Xin L, Xue P.Z.and Jie C. 2009. Controller Design for Electric Power Steering System Using T-S Fuzzy Model Approach. International Journal of Automation and Computing. 6(2). pp 198-203.
[4] Chunhua,H. 2008. Modelling and Simulation of Automotive Electric Power Steering System. IEEE Second International Symposium on Intelligent Information Technology Application. pp 436-439.
[5] L. DeNovellis, A.Sorniotti, P.Gruber, J.Orus, J.M.Rodriguez Fortun,J.Theunissen, J.DeSmet, Direct yaw moment control actuated through electric drive trainsand friction brakes: theoretical design and experimental assessment, Mechatronics 26 (2015) 1–15.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Review: Analysis and Manufacturing of Ankle Foot Orthosis for Foot Drop
Country	:	India
Authors	:	A. A. Pawale || V. N. Chougule || W. N. Tamboli || A. V. Mulay
	:	10.9790/1684-17010041215

Abstract: An Ankle Foot Orthosis is a device that supports the ankle and foot area of the body and extends from below the knee and including foot area. This device is used to control instabilities in the lower limb by maintaining proper alignment and controlling motion of the foot. Finite element analysis of models was developed to predict the mechanical behavior of AFO. The Carbon Fiber is best suitable material for manufacturing of AFO also CF-AFO is capable of taking maximum stress than thermoplastic material also CF-AFO is light weight and durable than other materials. This is validated by conducting experimental testing and analysis by Ansys.

Keywords -AFO, drop foot, CF-AFO, Ansys, Finite element analysis.

[1]. M. C. Faustini, Richard R. Neptune, R. H. Crawford,S. J. Stanhope, Manufacture of Passive Dynamic Ankle–Foot Orthoses Using Selective Laser Sintering, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering,55(2), 2008.
[2]. Y. Jina,b , Yong He, Albert Shih Process Planning for the Fuse Deposition Modeling of Ankle-Foot-Othoses ,Procedia CIRP 42 ,2016 ,760 – 765.
[3]. J. Romkes , Reinald Brunner Comparison of a dynamic and a hinged ankle–foot orthosis by gait analysis in patients with hemiplegic cerebral palsy Gait and Posture 15 ,2002, 18–24
[4]. D. Zou, DS, Tao He, MS,Michael Dailey, Kirk E. Smith, M.J. Silva, D. R.Sinacore,M. J. Mueller, M.K. Hastings, Experimental and computational analysis of composite ankle foot orthosis JRRD, 51, (10), 2014.
[5]. S. I. Wolf , M. Alimusaj, O. Rettig, L.Do¨derlein ,Dynamic assist by carbon fiber spring AFOs for patients with myelomeningocele Gait & Posture,28 ,2008, 175–177.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Performance Improvement of Bus Structure for Rollover Analysis Using FEA and Validation of Roll Bar
Country	:	India
Authors	:	V. D. Phadatare || P. P. Hujare
	:	10.9790/1684-17010041619

Abstract: This paper discuss case of vehicles rollover crash, where bus structure needs to be strong enough to ensure the minimum damage. Finite Element modelling of the entire bus structure was done using pre-processor HyperMesh. Finally simulation was carried using LS-DYNA explicit solver. In this work, numerical simulation of bus rollover test using finite element method is followed. Simulation was done to show that the improved the crashworthiness performance of bus superstructure for rollover analysis. To improve strength and stiffness requirements of bus structure and to avoid above problem, we need to add stiffeners at side pillars. The experimentation for finding the peak load carrying capacity and peak deformation for M.S. (mild steel) was done by using three point bending test on rectangular cross sectional roll bar and validating its results using FEA.

Keywords – Bus Rollover, Finite Element Analysis (FEA), LS-DYNA, Residual space, Tensile Test, Three-point Bending Test.

[1] M. P. J. Karlinski.,Strength analysis of bus superstructure according to Regulation No. 66 of UN/ECE, Elsevier,2014,342-352.
[2] D. S. Kumar, Rollover Analysis of Bus Body Structure as Per AIS 031/ECE R66, Volvo Group Trucks Technology, Bangalore, India, 2012.
[3] D. M. I. Dan Alexandru Micu, Analysis of the Rollover Behavior of the Bus Bodies,Anallele Analysis,3,2011.

[4] R. P. S. a. O. L. Nikolaevich,Verification of Computer Simulation Results of Bus Body Section Rollover,Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering 3,2015,118-127.
[5] H.-J. C. J.-C. P. Kyoung-Tak Kang,Design of a composite roll bar for the improvement of bus rollover crashworthiness, ELSEVIER, 2012,1705-1713.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Comparison of Different Configurations for Piping Flexibility Analysis in Process Industry Applications
Country	:	India
Authors	:	S. S. Deshpande || V. Roshan || M.Y. Soman || P.J. Kasabe
	:	10.9790/1684-17010042024

Abstract: The main purpose of the this study is to analyze the different flexibility configurations in process industry in the critical piping systems. Piping is the main transportation method for conveying fluids from one location to another within the industry. The design of flexibility and the routing of the piping systems is influenced by the stresses generated due to thermal effect and high pressure of the operating fluid. If the pipeline is pressurized it creates huge loads on the supports and elbows there by increasing overall pressure in the pipeline. In case of long pipes which are operating under high temperature gradient tend to expand significantly. In order to relieve the above..........

Keywords - Piping, Flexibility Analysis ,Finite element Method, Petroleum Refinery , Process Industry,CAE

[1] M .W.Kellogg, The Design of Piping Systems (Martino Fine books, 2007).

[2] J.J.McKetta (ed), Piping Design Handbook (CRC Press, 1992)

[3] M.L.Nayyar, Piping Handbook,(McGrawHill , 7th edition,1999)

[4] G.K.Sahu, Handbook of Piping Design (New Age International Publishes, 2014).

[5] D.A.Logan, A first course in Finite Element Method, (Cengage Learning, 2015)

Paper Type	:	Review Paper
Title	:	Mesh Sensitivity Study of Turbine Wheel Burst Analysis using Explicit Dynamics
Country	:	India
Authors	:	S.S.Borikar || K.A.Mahajan || G. Hemanth Kumar
	:	10.9790/1684-17010042532

Abstract: The containment test in turbocharger is performed to examine the bursted wheel containing capability of the turbine housing. The experimental test demands high investments and is time consuming. Hence, the containment test for turbocharger is simulated using Explicit Dynamics. To facilitate wheel burst, the groove is cut in the back face of the wheel to weaken it. The wheel burst simulated with circumferential groove as the weakening slot, gives an unequal number of fragments even though the analysis model is cyclic symmetric. This gives inappropriate results through containment analysis. One of the major reasons for randomness in fragment size is meshing of the model...........

Keywords - containment test, explicit dynamics, mesh concepts, pugh matrix, pattern, turbocharger

[1] White paper No.2, Burst & containment: Ensuring Turbocharger safety, Garret by Honeywell.
[2] J M Ramamoorthy, S S Parikh, S Pandian, P S Kasthuri Rangan , Containment simulation and validation of turbocharger housing design, 11th International Conference on Turbochargers and Turbocharging, London (2014).
[3] L. Wang, D. M. Eastwood, Explicit dynamic finite element simulation of turbocharger containment and wheel burst, Cummins Turbo technologies, UK.
[4] G.R. Johnson, W.H. Cook, A Constitutive Model and Data for Metals Subjected to Large Strains, High Strain Rates and High Temperatures, Proceedings of the Seventh International Symposium on Ballistics, Hague, the Netherlands (1983).
[5] Xuan Hai-jun, Wu Rong-ren, Aeroengine turbine blade containment tests using high-speed rotor spin testing facility, Aerospace Science and Technology 10 ,2006, 501–508.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Design and Analysis of High Pressure Extractor with Supercritical Fluid
Country	:	India
Authors	:	K. D. Joshi || M. S. Kirkire
	:	10.9790/1684-17010043341

Abstract: Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) of natural material with solvents like CO2, propane, butane, or ethylene is an important extraction process which allows the processing of plant material at low temperatures, hence limits thermal degradation, and avoids the use of toxic solvents. To achieve most effective, efficient and safe way to extract valuable constituent from natural botanicals at high pressure thorough design approach is a prime requirement. Various design parameters of equipment and chemical properties of supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) can affect the quantity and quality of extract. Researchers had focused on behavior of physicochemical properties of the SC-CO2, including density,............

Keywords - Supercritical fluid extraction, extractor design, high pressure vessel, FEA.

[1] Andrea Capuzzo, Massimo E. Maffei and Andrea Occhipinti, "Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Plant Flavors and Fragrances", MDPI* : molecule, 2013, 18, 7194-7238;
[2] Mandana Bimakra,∗, Russly Abdul Rahmana,b, Farah Saleena Taipa, Ali Ganjloob, Liza Md Salleha,d, Jinap Selamatc, Azizah Hamidc, I.S.M. Zaidulc, "Comparison of different extraction methods for the extraction of major bioactive flavonoid compounds from spearmint (Mentha spicata L.) Leaves", Food And Bioproducts Processing 8 9 (2011) 67–72.
[3] C. Pronyk, G. Mazza, "Design and scale-up of pressurized fluid extractors for food and bio-products", Journal of Food Engineering 95 (2009) 215–226
[4] Frank Panzner, Braib R. Evans, "Extraction of plant material by using carbon dioxide", United States Patent, November 1985.
[5] G. N. Sapkale, S. M. Patil, U. S. Surwase And P. K. Bhatbhage. "Supercritical Fluid Extraction", Int. J. Chem. Sci.: 8(2), 2010, 729-743.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Theoretical and Numerical Analysis Of the supports for Evacuated Tube Collector
Country	:	India
Authors	:	S. L. Pensalwar || R. S. Tamhankar || A. A. Keste
	:	10.9790/1684-17010044249

Abstract: This paper represents theoretical and numerical analysis of the supports for evacuated tube collectors. Evacuated tube collector (ETC) system works on simple principle 'black body absorption'. This paper also contains the study of newly implemented evacuated tube collectors which are metal in glass tubes instead of glass in glass, that is copper in glass evacuated tubes and aluminium in glass evacuated tubes. At present, evacuated tubes going into production of solar water heaters are being imported from China and Taiwan. This is an attempt to replace this import commodity by an indigenous manufacturing technology with improved collection efficiency. The tube size with outer diameter of 58mm and length of 1800mm with collector area of 0.1044 m2 will be able to increase water temperature by 480c for volume 10 liters per tube. The supports which are used for supporting the horizontal vessel are saddle supports

Keywords -Evacuated tubes, Horizontal vessel, Saddle supports, Solar system, Thermal collector

[1] P. Pudke, S. B. Rane ,Design and Analysis of Saddle Support: a case study in vessel, Design and Consulting Industry, International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology (IJMET), 4(5) 2013,.139-149.
[2] Adithya M., M. M. Patnaik, Finite element analysis of horizontal reactor Pressure vessel supported on saddles, International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology (IJIRSET),2(7) 2013.

[3] Z. He, AdvancedEvacuated Tube Solar Collectors Products and Applications,Tech Monitor,Beijing Solar Energy Research Institute, Nov-Dec 2003
[4] P. Y. Wang, H.Y. Guan, Z. H. Liu, G.S. Wang ,High Temperature Collecting Performance of a New All-Glass Evacuated Tubular Solar Air Heater With U-shaped Tube Heat Exchanger, Energy Conversion and Management, 77,2013, 315–323.
[5] S. Arora1, S. t. Chitkara1, R. Udayakumar and M. Ali ,Thermal Analysis of Evacuated Solar Tube Collectors, Journal of Petroleum and Gas Engineering, 2(4),2011, 74-82.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Generation of Electricity by Using Footsteps as a Source of Energy
Country	:	India
Authors	:	P. R. Magdum || S. J. Chikhale || A. S. Rajole || S. S. Jedhe
	:	10.9790/1684-17010045056

Abstract: Electricity is a basic part of nature and it is one of the most widely used forms of energy across the globe. We get electricity, (which is a secondary energy source) from the conversion of other sources of energy, like coal, natural gas, oil, nuclear power and other natural sources, which are called primary sources. Researches show that the world has already had its enough shares of its energy resources. Fossil fuels pollute the environment. Nuclear energy requires careful handling of both raw as well as waste material. Researches shows that large amount of power is generated from non-renewable energy resources compared to that of renewable energy resources................

Keywords - Renewable energy, rack and pinion, kinetic energy, electro-mechanical unit,, roller mechanism, chain sprocket.

[1] M.Sailaja , M. Raja Roy , S. Phani Kumar, " Design of Rack and Pinion Mechanism for Power Generation at Speed Breakers"
[2] Mukti Nath Gupta, Suman and S.K. Yadav, "Electricity generation due to vibration of moving vehicles using piezoelectric effect", Advance in Electronic and Electric Engineering, Vol. 4 No. 3, pp. 313-318, 2014. ISSN 2231- 1297.
[3] Parthiba Arun and Divyesh Mehta, "Eco-friendly electricity generator using scintillating piezo", International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications, Vol. 3 No.5, pp. 478-482, 2013.
[4] Henry A. Sodano and Daniel J. Inman, "Estimation of electric charge output for piezoelectric energy harvesting", Strain Journal, Vol. 40 No. 2, pp. 49- 58, 2004.
[5] Kiran Boby, Aleena Paul K, Anumol C and Nimisha, "Foot step power generation using piezoelectric transducer", International Journal of Engineering and Innovative Technology (IJEIT), Vol.3No. 1, Issue 10, 2014

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Comparison of Transmissibility of Non-Metallic Materials For Vibration Isolation
Country	:	India
Authors	:	A. R. Lavhande || S. B. Tuljapure
	:	10.9790/1684-17010045761

Abstract: Vibrations in the machines are introduced during operation due unbalanced forces. Therefore it should be eliminated or at least reduced. Vibration can be reduced by introducing the isolation between the vibration source and receiver. In this paper, the vibrations generated due to gyroscope coupled with variable speed motor are analyzed and reduced using nonmetallic isolators. The materials used are cork, rubber, and neoprene. The transmissibility is compared for three different speeds. For measuring the vibrations, FFT analyzer is used.

Keywords -FFT Analyzer, Isolator, Transmissibility, Vibration isolation.

[1]. A. Tiwari, A. Chandsarkar ,Analyze the transmissibility of various materials using vibration analysis, International journal of engineering sciences & research Technology,3(8),2014,247-251.
[2]. D. D. L. Chung ,Review materials for vibration damping, Journal of material science 36,2001,5733-5737.
[3]. Chen Xueqian, Shen Zhanpeng, He Qinshu, Du Qiang & Liu Xinen ,Influence of uncertainty and excitation amplitude on the vibration characteristics of rubber isolator, Journal of Sound and Vibration 377 ,2016, 216–225.
[4]. C. M. Harris, Allan G. Piersol, Harris,shock and vibration handbook (McGRAW-HILL,2002).
[5]. G. K. Grover, Mechanical vibrations (Nem chand & bros, 2009)

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Heat Augmentation Using Non-metallic Flow Divider Type Inserts in Forced Convection
Country	:	India
Authors	:	D.R. Hase || N.K. Sane || D.V. Ghewade
	:	10.9790/1684-17010046267

Abstract: Investigations have been carried out over decades to enhance the heat transfer using active, passive and compound heat augmentation techniques. The present work includes passive heat transfer augmentation technique using non-metallic flow divider type inserts with air as working fluid. Whenever inserts are used for heat transfer enhancement, along with increase in heat transfer rate, the pressure drop also increases. This increase in pressure drop increases the pumping cost. Hence heat augmentation technique should optimize between the benefits of heat transfer rate and increased pressure drop. Initially, for validation of setup, experiments were carried out for plain tube.................

Keywords - Forced Convection, Flow Divider Insert, Heat Augmentation, Nusselt Number, Reynolds Number.

[1]. A Dewan, P Mahanta, K Sumithra Raju and P Suresh Kumar ,Review of passive heat transfer augmentation techniques" Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy, 2004.
[2]. Hasenpur, M.farhadi and k.sedighi, A Review study on twisted tape inserts on turbulent flow heat exchanger: The overall enhancement ratio criteria, International communication in Heat and Mass Transfer. 55 ,2014,53-62.
[3]. Chou Xin Tan, Wai Loon Mah, Yew Mun Hung and Boon Thong Tan, On the role of inserts in forced convection heat transfer augmentation, International Communication in Heat and Mass Transfer.39 ,2012,1138-1145.
[4]. S.Rainieri, F.Bozzoli, G.Pagliarini, Experimental investigation on the convective heat transfer in straight and coiled corrugated tubes for highly viscous fluid : Preliminary results, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 55 (2012) 498-504.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Economical Solar Water Heater
Country	:	India
Authors	:	S.D. Gangane || S.H. Bhere || L. K. Chinchole || P. A. Dudhalkar || V. D. Nandan || S. S. Sarawade
	:	10.9790/1684-17010046871

Abstract: This paper deals with study, analysis and design of Economical Solar Water Heater. Solar collectors, storage tanks and heat transfer fluids are the three core components in solar water heater applications. Among all flat plate collector type solar water heater is the most efficient. The development of an efficient low cost flat plate collector is an essential first step toward effective utilization of solar energy for water heating. Our aim is to develop solar water heater at the affordable price and test the prototype for efficiency. Replacement of Copper material with Aluminum will make it affordable. The floating assembly helps the system to extract the hot water from supply tank...............

Keywords - Flat plate solar collector, Floating assembly, Thermosyphon Principle.

[1]. A. Jamar, Z.A.A. Majid and W.H. Azmi, A review of water heating system for solar energy application, International Communications in heat & mass transfer 76, 2016,178-187
[2]. Nosa Andrew Ogie, Ikponmosa Oghogho and Julius Jesumirewhe, Design and construction of Solar water heater based on the thermo syphon principle, Journal of Fundamentals of Renewable Energy and application, Vol.3, 2013, Article ID- 235592.
[3]. Andrei Stefan JERCAN, The simplified calculus of flat plate solar collector, Annals of the University of Craiova, Electrical Engineering series, No.30, 2006.
[4]. Madhukeshawa N and E.S. Prakash , An investigation on the performance characteristics of solar flat plate collector with different selective surface coatings, International Journal of Energy & Environment , 3(1),2012,99-108.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Heat Transfer Enhancement Through Perforated Fin
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Noaman Salam || Khan Rahmatullah || Faizanurrahman || Salman Ah || Ansari Tohid || Tarique Khan
	:	10.9790/1684-17010047278

Abstract: Enhancement of heat transfer rate and reduction of fin dimension has major criteria in designing of heat exchanger components. This project is an experimental analysis to investigate forced heat transfer of rectangular fin by comparing both solid and circular perforation along the lateral axis of the fin. Performance is analyzed experimentally by designing experimental setup for specific fin length. Thermal performance, effectiveness and pressure drop reduction. Due to increase in surface area or convective area heat transfer rate increases, pressure drop reduces, Nusselt Number increases. The large impact is that higher reduction in weight of fin is achieved by producing perforation which is the major requirement in heat transfer equipment.

Keywords -Effectiveness, Enhancement, Fin length, Nusselt number, Perforation, Rectangular fin.

[1]. Y. A. Cengel , A.J. Ghajar, Heat and Mass Transfer, (Fourth Edition, Mc Graw Hill)
[2]. Ehteshum, Mehedi, et al. Thermal and Hydraulic Performance Analysis of Rectangular Fin Arrays with Perforation Size and Number, Procedia Engineering 105,2015, 184-191.
[3]. Ismail, MdFarhad, et al. ,Numerical investigation of turbulent heat convection from solid and longitudinally perforated rectangular fins, Procedia Engineering 56 ,2013, 497-502.
[4]. M.R.Shaeri, M. Yaghoubi. Numerical analysis of turbulent convection heat transfer from an array of perforated fins." International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow,2009,218-228.
[5]. Al-Damook, Amer, et al.,Computational design and optimisation of pin fin heat sinks with rectangular perforations, Applied Thermal Engineering 2016.